SPOTLIGHT EFFECT The spotlight effect is the phenomenon in which people tend to believe they are being noticed more than they really are. Being that one is constantly in the center of one's own world, an accurate evaluation of how much one is noticed by others is uncommon.
OVERJUSTIFICATION EFFECT The overjustification effect occurs when an external incentive decreases a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a behavior or participate in an activity. For example, imagine that children at a preschool are allowed to play with fun toys during their free time. If caregivers begin giving kids a reward for playing with these toys, the children may actually begin to feel less intrinsically motivated to play with those toys.Why does the overjustification effect occur? According to one theory, people tend to pay more attention to these external rewards rather than their own enjoyment of the activity.2 As a result, people think that their participation in the activity is the result of the external rewards rather than their own internal appreciation of the behavior.
PRIMACY EFFECT refers to the tendency to recall information presented at the start of a list better than information at the middle or end. This is a cognitive bias that is believed to relate to the tendency to rehearse and relate memory storage systems.
RECENCY EFFECT is a cognitive bias in which those items, ideas, or arguments that came last are remembered more clearly than those that came first. ... The recency effect is increased when too much information is presented too quickly, and it is reduced when coupled with other tasks.
OSTRICH EFFECT also known as the ostrich problem, is a cognitive bias that describes how people often avoid negative information, including feedback that could help them monitor their goal progress. Instead of dealing with the situation, we bury our heads in the sand, like ostriches. This avoidance can often make things worse, incurring costs that we might not have had to pay if we had faced things head-on.
My English Podcast "Lifebook" can be listened on the link https://anchor.fm/sanjay-gora7
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