Notes on Management 040322

Decision fatigue is “the idea that after making many decisions, your ability to make more and more decisions over the course of a day becomes worse,” said Dr. MacLean, a psychiatrist. “The more decisions you have to make, the more fatigue you develop and the more difficult it can become.”

Source - https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/public-health/what-doctors-wish-patients-knew-about-decision-fatigue#:~:text=Decision%20fatigue%20is%20%E2%80%9Cthe%20idea,more%20difficult%20it%20can%20become.%E2%80%9D

Groupthink is a phenomenon that occurs when a group of individuals reaches a consensus without critical reasoning or evaluation of the consequences or alternatives. Groupthink is based on a common desire not to upset the balance of a group of people.
Source- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/groupthink.asp#:~:text=Groupthink%20is%20a%20phenomenon%20that,of%20a%20group%20of%20people.

Imposter syndrome is loosely defined as doubting your abilities and feeling like a fraud. It disproportionately affects high-achieving people, who find it difficult to accept their accomplishments. Many question whether they're deserving of accolades.
Source - https://www.google.com/search?q=imposter+syndrome&oq=imposter+syndrome&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i433i512j0i512l8.3657j0j15&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

The “rule of reciprocation” refers to the universal tendency in human beings to feel compelled to reciprocate when given a gift. The rule of reciprocation is so strongly ingrained in people that they can be vulnerable to having this tendency used against them.
Source- https://www.google.com/search?q=rule+of+reciprocation&oq=rule+of+reciprocation&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i390.5312j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

Covering, in sociology, is the concept of consciously changing the impression one is making to hide an outsider identity. An individual may have a visible or invisible stigma. For example, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was careful to conceal his use of a wheelchair from the public eye
https://www.google.com/search?q=covering+in+sociology&oq=covering+in+sociology&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i22i30.6944j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8

My English Podcast "Lifebook" can be listened on the link https://anchor.fm/sanjay-gora7

My Hindi Podcast "Kitabi Keeda" can be listened on the link https://anchor.fm/sanjay-gora

Books written by me are available on Amazon, Flipkart and Notionpress sites.

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Notes on Life 070222

SPOTLIGHT EFFECT The spotlight effect is the phenomenon in which people tend to believe they are being noticed more than they really are. Being that one is constantly in the center of one's own world, an accurate evaluation of how much one is noticed by others is uncommon.

OVERJUSTIFICATION EFFECT The overjustification effect occurs when an external incentive decreases a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a behavior or participate in an activity. For example, imagine that children at a preschool are allowed to play with fun toys during their free time. If caregivers begin giving kids a reward for playing with these toys, the children may actually begin to feel less intrinsically motivated to play with those toys.Why does the overjustification effect occur? According to one theory, people tend to pay more attention to these external rewards rather than their own enjoyment of the activity.2 As a result, people think that their participation in the activity is the result of the external rewards rather than their own internal appreciation of the behavior.

PRIMACY EFFECT refers to the tendency to recall information presented at the start of a list better than information at the middle or end. This is a cognitive bias that is believed to relate to the tendency to rehearse and relate memory storage systems.

RECENCY EFFECT is a cognitive bias in which those items, ideas, or arguments that came last are remembered more clearly than those that came first. ... The recency effect is increased when too much information is presented too quickly, and it is reduced when coupled with other tasks.

OSTRICH EFFECT also known as the ostrich problem, is a cognitive bias that describes how people often avoid negative information, including feedback that could help them monitor their goal progress. Instead of dealing with the situation, we bury our heads in the sand, like ostriches. This avoidance can often make things worse, incurring costs that we might not have had to pay if we had faced things head-on.

My English Podcast "Lifebook" can be listened on the link https://anchor.fm/sanjay-gora7

My Hindi Podcast "Kitabi Keeda" can be listened on the link https://anchor.fm/sanjay-gora

Books written by me are available on Amazon, Flipkart and Notionpress sites.

https://www.amazon.in/s?i=stripbooks&rh=p_27%3ASanjay+Gora&ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1

https://www.flipkart.com/search?q=sanjay%20gora&otracker=search&otracker1=search&marketplace=FLIPKART&as-show=on&as=off

https://notionpress.com/author/36667

Notes on Life 040222

 Embracing your sense of purpose can involve overcoming personal obstacles, including shyness.

Your personal identity lends unique perspective and authenticity to any personal or professional endeavor. Embrace it to stand out.

People learn better when given life stories as examples. Don't just prescribe; show that you practice what you preach.

COBRA EFFECT A perverse incentive is an incentive that has an unintended and undesirable result that is contrary to the intentions of its designers. The cobra effect is the most direct kind of perverse incentive, typically because the incentive unintentionally rewards people for making the issue worse.[1][2] The term is used to illustrate how incorrect stimulation in economics and politics can cause unintended consequences,[2] and is an example of the proverb "the road to hell is paved with good intentions".

The term cobra effect was coined by economist Horst Siebert based on an anecdote of a (possibly ahistorical) occurrence in India during British rule.[2][3][4] The British government, concerned about the number of venomous cobras in Delhi, offered a bounty for every dead cobra. Initially, this was a successful strategy; large numbers of snakes were killed for the reward. Eventually, however, enterprising people began to breed cobras for the income. When the government became aware of this, the reward program was scrapped. When cobra breeders set their now-worthless snakes free, the wild cobra population further increased

PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTANCE Have you ever known someone, perhaps a young person, who seemed to do exactly the opposite of what he or she was asked to do? Sometimes it seems like it would be easier to tell them to do the opposite of what you want them to do; this is commonly known as reverse psychology. Usually, we think of children behaving in this manner, but the phenomenon has been observed in adults, as well. In psychology, this type of behavior is an example of reactance.

While reverse psychology is more of a layperson's concept than an actual part of psychology, it does help to illustrate the basic premise behind reactance. In psychology, reactance refers to a way in which a person thinks or behaves when perceiving a threat to his or her freedom. There are several types of reactance, as we'll see here now.

For instance, Charlie's mom tells him to wear his dress shoes instead of his sneakers to church. Suddenly, wearing the sneakers seems like a much more attractive choice because of his mother's insistence that he not wear them. In choosing to wear sneakers instead, Charlie protects his freedom by doing what his mother told him not to do.

Notes on Life 281221

 Destiny is prarabdh karma and freewill is kriyaman karma. In poker or bridge, the cards you get is destiny and the way you play is freewill.

For success in life, you need Clarity of dreams, goals, Conviction in your vision and Courage to take action in that direction.

Intrusive thoughts are different from urges, cravings or behaviour.

Paradox of thought suprression was revealed by white bear experiment where people were asked to not think of white bear.

Treat your guru as banana. Eat the pulp throw the peel away. That is take the knowledge and ignore the physical being.

Imperfection is the new perfection.

At times, our brain mistakenly presumes that worrying is a productive habit or activity.

Neuroscientists say waking up at 5 AM enables heightened focus on a high-value activity, and achieves flow using the improved processing power of the brain. The process is aided by the prefrontal cortex, which temporarily ignores distractions.

Robin Sharma Book insights :

Tips to wake up early include discipline, working out for super fitness, a controlled diet, passion for work, and a full-body massage.

Four qualities that set apart great minds: they are not defined by their talent but by how they realize their potential, they avoid distraction, personal mastery practice, use day stacking to improve by 1% daily.

To improve personal mastery, work on your mindset (psychology), heartset (emotionality), healthset (physicality), and soulset (spirituality). These are the four Interior Empires to work on in the victory hour of 5 AM to 6 AM.

Willpower, personal discipline, recovery, four-part habit-forming routine, and heightened self-control constitute the science behind excellence.

Divide the victory hour into 20-minute time slots for exercise, reflection, and growth. The 2X3 Mindset requires you to triple your performance to double your effectiveness.

Notes on Life 22102021

 Reverse Intentionality. A woman was being stalked and saved herself by rushing to her office. She gained composure after a while but her hands were still trembling. A colleague suggested to use reverse Intentionality by shaking her hands even more fast. This decreased her trembling.

Desirability bias is when you see what you want to happen and confirmation bias is when you see what you expect to happen

Use temptation bundling to do boring jobs. Link something tempting, instantly gratifying with a chore you want to do but avoid. For example, watch tv only when you exercise.

Humility is a reflective less, confident humility is a corrective lens. (Adam Grant in Think again)

Detach your present from the past and detatch your opinions from your identities.

Grit is a combination of passion and perseverance.

Life is a marathon, not a horse race.

Self affirmations work better when said out aloud to yourself. First you have think before speaking, then you speak, your ears hear and your brain registers what it heard. So four stages of impact.

We normally worry about memories of the past and imagination about the bad future.

"I have lived through some terrible things in my life, some of which have actually happened."

Notes on Life 270921

Mother Nature and Father Time are two greatest healers

Buildup, anticipation or journey are sometimes better than destination.

Think of attitude as a skillset and not as a mindset. 

Your life starts with B (birth) and ends with D (death). In between there is a C (choice)

Practice being the last to speak, that is what Nelson Mandela did. Hold your opinions to yourself till the end.

Finite players play to beat others around them. Infinite players play to better themselves.

Zig ziglar gave a term automobile University, meaning learning through audiobooks, podcasts etc. during commute.

Your passion is for you. Your purpose is for others.

Routines root us.

Character above cover drives.

The studies have shown that people aren't good at forecasting their responses to emotional incidents. In particular, the researchers have found that people typically overestimate how long they will be unhappy following negative events. In short, the studies suggest, people forget that they possess what Gilbert, Wilson and their colleagues call a "psychological immune system," which shelters them from the worst effects of their misfortune

Identity foreclosure is a psychological term that describes one of the key steps young people experience in the process of finding a sense of self. At this stage, adolescents may adopt different traits and qualities from friends and relatives, but have not yet settled on their own.